Iraq - Law guide - ecoi.net (2023)

FAQs

What is the Iraq environment law? ›

Iraqi Law of Protection and Improvement of the Environment, No. 27 of 2009. Abstract/Citation: This Law aims to improve and to protect the environment by handling the damages, protecting the public health and the natural resources.

The Iraqi Code is based on the Egyptian and before that French Code Civil. Although it incorporates Islamic elements, its overall structure and substance is principally based on continental civil law.

The Iraq Oil Law, also referred to as the Iraq Hydrocarbon Law was a piece of legislation submitted to the Iraqi Council of Representatives in May 2007 that laid out a framework for the regulation and development of Iraq's oil fields.

The Official Gazette of Iraq (Arabic: الوقائع العراقية / ALA-LC: al-Waqā'i' al-'Irāqiyah) has been the official source for the laws and resolutions passed by the Council of Representatives of Iraq since August 1922.

Article 4 describes the penalties for those convicted of the crimes defined in the statute: the death penalty for the main perpetrator or participant of any of the offenses defined in Articles 2 or 3 and life imprisonment for a person convicted of intentionally covering up a terrorist act or of harbouring a perpetrator ...

If approved, the new law is called an act or statute. Some of the better-known laws related to the environment are the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, and the Safe Drinking Water Act.

Capital punishment in Iraq is a legal penalty. It was commonly used by the government of Saddam Hussein (who was himself ultimately executed), was temporarily halted after the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq that deposed Saddam, and has since been reinstated. Executions are carried out by hanging.

American law is based on common law from the United Kingdom as one of its core legal pillars (which is then buttressed by, among other sources, the U.S. Constitution, court cases, statutes, restatements, decrees, treatises, and various other rules and regulations).

Iraq's legal system contains both civil law and Sharia law, as well as statutes and regulations.

The top five source countries of U.S. gross petroleum imports in 2022 were Canada, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Colombia. Note: Ranking in the table is based on gross imports by country of origin.

Did the US buy oil from Iraq? ›

The United States imported an average of 157,000 barrels of petroleum per day from Iraq in 2021.

Currently, the Ministry of Oil (MOO) has central control over oil and gas production in federal Iraq territory through its five operating entities, the middle/Midland Oil Company, the North Oil Company (NOC), the Dhi Qar Oil Company, Basrah Oil Company (BOC), and the Missan Oil Company (MOC).

Since January 1992, the official name of the state is "Republic of Iraq" (Jumhūrīyyet al-'Irāq), reaffirmed in the 2005 Constitution.

The CIA provided intelligence support to the U.S. military in Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm. Mohammed Abdullah Shawani's "saga illustrates a little-understood part of the Iraq story—the CIA's attempt to mobilize Iraqi officers [against Hussein's regime].

During ancient times, lands that now constitute Iraq were known as Mesopotamia (“Land Between the Rivers”), a region whose extensive alluvial plains gave rise to some of the world's earliest civilizations, including those of Sumer, Akkad, Babylon, and Assyria.

Article 398 of the Penal Code allows a perpetrator of rape to escape punishment by marrying the woman he raped. If the offender lawfully marries the survivor, the legal action becomes void, any investigation is discontinued, and any sentence that has already been passed is quashed.

Article 398 of the Iraqi Penal Code automatically prohibits the prosecution of the perpetrator if he marries the victim legally.

Article 140 required that before the referendum, measures had to be taken to reverse the Arabization policy employed by the Saddam Hussein administration during the Al-Anfal Campaign.

The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) (Union Territories) Rules, 1983. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 and the Wild Life Protection Act, 1972.

What are the two fields of environmental law? ›

Generally, environmental law is broken into two categories: pollution control and remediation on the one hand, and conservation of natural resources on the other. The source of authority for these laws derives from many sources, and is heavily influenced by international treaties.

In Iraq, the death penalty is regulated by the national legislation and it is imposed to persons founds guilty of a variety of different crimes including murder, treason, espionage, rape, kidnapping, terrorism, war crimes and drug trafficking.

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and death in Iraq (Iraqi Ministry of Health, 2019). It is estimated that 30% of Iraqis have high blood pressure, 14% have diabetes, and more than 30% are obese.

An individual found guilty of armed robbery or committing theft as a member of the military or as a state employee may be executed. Persons convicted of smuggling antiquities or organizing prostitution may also be sentenced to death. Any person who deserts military service three times may be executed.

Denmark, Norway, and Finland topped the World Justice Project (WJP) Rule of Law Index 2021.

The U.S. Constitution is the nation's fundamental law. It codifies the core values of the people.

In a civil case, either party may appeal to a higher court. In a criminal case, only the defendant has a right to an appeal in most states. (Some states give the prosecution a limited right to appeal to determine certain points of law.

Currently, Iraq has one of the most progressive policies on women's rights in the Middle East — setting the legal marriage age at 18 and prohibiting forced marriage. Brave Iraqi women have been fighting against removing the minimum age for marriage, for their sake and for the sake of their daughters.

Persons violating Iraq's laws, even unknowingly, may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Penalties for the possession, using, or trafficking in illegal drugs in Iraq are severe, and convicted offenders can expect long jail sentences and heavy fines, and in some cases may be subject to the death penalty.

Either party may request dissolution upon the following grounds: such harm as makes continuation of marriage impossible; marital infidelity; if the marriage was contracted without judicial permission before either party attained 18 years; if the marriage was concluded outside of court by means of coercion and was not ...

Who has the most oil in the world? ›

Venezuela - 303.806 Billion Barrels

Venezuela holds the largest oil reserves globally, with over 300 billion barrels mainly located in the Orinoco Belt at the southern end of the eastern Orinoco River Basin.

In N/A, Iraq exported N/A in Crude Petroleum. The main destinations of Iraq exports on Crude Petroleum were China ($23.1B), India ($22.1B), Greece ($8.67B), Italy ($3.97B), and South Korea ($3.5B).

The top five source countries of U.S. petroleum imports in 2017 were Canada (40%), Saudi Arabia (9%), Mexico (7%), Venezuela (7%), and Iraq (6%). Of course, the United States also exports (sells) petroleum.

The primary rationalization for the Iraq War was articulated by a joint resolution of the United States Congress known as the Iraq Resolution. The US claimed the intent was to "disarm Iraq of weapons of mass destruction, to end Saddam Hussein's support for terrorism, and to free the Iraqi people".

The world's largest oil field, Saudi Arabia's Ghawar Field, for instance, produces around 4 million barrels of oil per day, accounting for well over 1/3 of Saudi Arabia's total production.

China is among the biggest buyers of Iraq's crude and Chinese state firms have built up a dominant position in its oil industry.

Lukoil, bp, Shell, and ExxonMobil are among the major multinational oil firms active in oil extraction and production in several parts of Iraq, particularly in the south.

What is the nickname for Iraqis? ›

Haji: Slang for an Iraqi, but may mean any Middle Easterner who hails from a predominantly Muslim country.

Between 1914 and 1918, British and Indian troops fought against the Ottoman Turks in Mesopotamia (now Iraq).

The CIA's formal designations for these individuals are paramilitary operations officers and specialized skills officers. Paramilitary operations officers often attend the Clandestine Service Trainee (CST) program, which trains them as clandestine intelligence operatives at an internal paramilitary training course.

Eridu (present day Abu Shahrein, Iraq) was considered the first city in the world by the ancient Sumerians and is among the most ancient of the ruins from Mesopotamia. Founded in c. 5400 BCE, Eridu was thought to have been created by the gods who established order upon the earth with Eridu as the starting point.

Encompassed within Iraqi territory is the ancient land of Sumer, which came into being between 6000 and 5000 BC during the Neolithic Ubaid period of Mesopotamian history, and is widely considered the oldest civilization in recorded history.

Living conditions in Iraq are often strenuous and many people struggle with poverty, unemployment and malnutrition. The struggle has marked the recent past for many Iraqis, however, despite setbacks, the country is trying to rebuild itself.

First: The tax stipulated in Article )1( of imposing income tax on foreign oil companies contracting to work in Iraq law no. (19) of 2010 shall include the following contracts: a. Contracts for exploration, development and production of exploration spots and oil and gas fields.

The new Law will now regulate holding companies; A foreign natural or legal person may acquire membership in his capacity as a founder or a shareholder in a joint stock or limited company, provided the percentage of contribution from an Iraqi person is not less than fifty-one percent (51%) of the capital.

1 - Goods may be entered and transported from one place to another within the Iraqi Republic or in transit by land, sea, air or river is allowed together with the suspension of payment of customs duties and other taxes and dues thereof.

Law NO. 30 of 1984

The law covers many important aspects related to types of commercial business including eligibility requirements to practice a commercial business, store rent and insurance, types of commercial contracts, illegal competition, marine businesses, commercial ledgers, and guarantees.

What is instructions no 2 of 2008 Iraq? ›

2 of 2008 which requires that information relating to contracts with foreign suppliers should be disclosed to the General Commission for Taxes (“GCT”) in order for the tax office to determine whether the contractor is liable to tax and confirm the rate of retention.

I- An Iraqi who acquires a foreign nationality shall retain his Iraqi nationality, unless he has declared in writing renunciation of his Iraqi nationality. II- Iraqi courts shall apply Iraqi laws on holders of Iraqi nationality together with that of a foreign state.

(37) Of 2015 regulates the relationship between employers and workers and outlines their respective rights and obligations in Iraq. This includes wages, working hours, leave entitlements and working conditions. It also outlines rules and provisions to support specific groups such as women in the workplace.

One such reform, Investment Law 13 of 2006, aims to incentivise foreign investment by granting investors specific privileges, benefits and guarantees. The Investment Law also calls for the establishment of the National Investment Commission (NIC), and defines the organisations design, purpose, and responsibilities.

—If any imported goods are pilferred after the unloading thereof and before the proper officer has made an order for clearance for home consumption or deposit in a warehouse, the importer shall not be liable to pay the duty leviable on such goods except where such goods are restored to the importer after pilferage.

Article 41 –

Whoever exported or intended to export, deliberately, an antiquity, from Iraq, shall be punishable with execution. 2.

(1) Tax shall be imposed on the income of the Iraqi person resident which arises inside or outside Iraq regardless of place of receipt. (2) Tax shall be imposed on the income of the non-resident which arises in Iraq even if he does not receive it in Iraq.

You may export or reexport an item to Iraq without an individual validated license if your transaction meets all the applicable terms and conditions of the available license exceptions.

Chapter I.

(1) A worker's wages shall be paid once a month on a working day, at the workplace or in a nearby pay office. (2) Wages shall be paid in Iraqi currency. Payment of wages in other currencies shall not Page 8 release the employer from his or her obligations to the worker.